Breast Cancer Genes

BRA1, BRA2, PTEN and TP53

Every day, breast cancer scientists and researchers learn more about genes linked to breast cancer. Hereditary breast cancer accounts for 5% to 10% of all breast cancer cases.

Some breast cancer genes include:

• BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes: These are tumor suppressor genes that usually have the job of controlling cell growth and cell death. Changes to their structure may cause cancer tumors to grow. Most cases of hereditary breast cancer are linked to this gene. They contribute to others types of cancer, especially ovarian cancer.
• PTEN gene: This gene helps control cell growth and death. Damage to this gene creates a higher risk for both cancerous and noncancerous breast tumors. It can also lead to tumors in the thyroid, digestive tract, endometrium, and ovaries, often at a young age.
• TP53 gene: This gene tells cells to make a protein called p53, which helps stop the growth of abnormal cells. Changes in TP53 cause an increased risk of breast cancer, leukemia, brain tumors, and childhood sarcomas. Less than 1% of all breast cancer is thought to be related to this gene.

What are your risk factors?

Talk with your health care provider about your breast cancer risk factors and what you can do about them. Tools can be used to help estimate your risk, allowing you to set up a personalized prevention and screening plan.

Find a physician to discuss your breast cancer risk factors or recommend a genetic counselor.