Continuous Positive Airway Pressure for Sleep Apnea
A continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine helps treat sleep apnea and is one of the most common treatments for this condition. A CPAP machine works by delivering continuous air through the mouth and/or nose to ensure the right amount oxygen needed to help keep airways open during sleep.
An RWJBarnabas Health sleep specialist can help determine if a CPAP machine is right for you.
CPAP for Lung Health
Sleep apnea occurs when tissues at the top of the throat relax during sleep and block the airway, causing you to briefly stop breathing while you sleep. As this cycle repeats through the night, it leads to a lack of oxygen, it prevents restful sleep and causes daytime sleepiness. Using a CPAP machine when asleep keeps the airways open, so breathing is not interrupted. Left untreated, sleep apnea increases the risk for conditions like:
- Heart disease
- High blood pressure
- Stroke
- Type 2 diabetes
- Cognitive impairment
CPAP is often prescribed by a pulmonologist, a primary care doctor or nurse practitioner for patients with sleep apnea.
Using a CPAP Machine
A CPAP machine takes in room air, then filters and pressurizes it before delivering it through a tube and into a mask that you wear. The continuous and gentle flow of air keeps the tissues at the top of the throat from shifting too far into the airway, stabilizing breathing and improving sleep quality.
CPAP machines must be used consistently during sleep and naps for the treatment to work effectively.
What Does CPAP Treatment Involve?
CPAP treatment involves wearing a mask over your face while you sleep. The mask is connected to a pump, which creates a positive air flow into the nasal passages and throat. This keeps the airways open and prevents the tongue and tissues in the back of the throat from blocking the airway.
A CPAP machine includes:
- A mask that fits over your nose, or your mouth and nose – your provider will help find the best type and fit.
- Straps to position the mask properly.
- A tube that connects the mask to the CPAP machine.
- A motor that blows air into the tube.
- An air filter that purifies the air you are inhaling.
What Are the Health Benefits of CPAP?
The main benefit of using a CPAP machine is that it reduces breathing interruptions during sleep. If used consistently it has many benefits.
Short-term benefits:
- Better sleep, feeling rested
- Reduced snoring
- Less daytime sleepiness
- Improved mood
Long-term benefits:
- Improved blood pressure
- Reduced risk of heart attack and stroke
- Improved memory and cognitive function
Research shows that CPAP machines are incredibly effective in treating sleep apnea and improving sleep quality when used consistently. CPAP is often the first line of defense against sleep apnea and many people say they begin feeling better soon after starting treatment.
Challenges and Side Effects of CPAP
The first few nights using a CPAP machine may be difficult and it may be hard to fall asleep. Many people find the mask uncomfortable at first and are self-conscious about using a CPAP machine.
Side effects of CPAP treatment may include:
- Congestion
- Runny nose
- Dry mouth
- Nosebleeds
- Irritation of skin caused by mask
Your health care provider can help you find the best mask and share tips and strategies to overcome any obstacles to using CPAP. CPAP machines are a treatment of choice for sleep apnea, so it is important to stick with it to achieve success. Continuing patient education and support groups can help patients obtain the maximum benefits from CPAP.