Comprehensive Vulvar Cancer Care

Women can develop cancer on the outer part of their genitals, which is known as the vulva. These types of cancers can include:

• Squamous Cell Carcinomas: These are the most common types of vulvar cancer.

• Adenocarcinoma: These types of vulvar cancer start in gland cells, and account for about eight in every 10 vulvar cancers, according to the American Cancer Society.

• Melanoma: This type of skin cancer can be found in the vulva, though they are rare and only account for about 6 in 100 cases of vulvar cancer.

• Sarcoma: These vulvar cancers start in the cells of bones, tissues and muscles. They are rare but can occur in females at any age.

• Basal Cell Carcinoma: This common type of skin cancer is detected on skin that’s been exposed to sun, so it rarely occurs on the vulva.

Symptoms of vulvar cancer can include itching, changes in skin color around the area, wart-like bumps, thicker or scalier skin, pain during urination, or enlarged lymph glands in the groin. Burning, bleeding and discharge not related to a menstrual cycle can also be signs of vulvar cancer.

Diagnosing and Treating Vulvar Cancer

A gynecologic oncologist is an expert in evaluating and treating vulvar cancer. He or she will typically conduct a biopsy to detect vulvar cancer. This can include removing a piece of tissue from the area, which can be done using a local anesthetic. If a larger area needs to be removed, the doctor may use a punch biopsy, which is relatively painless.

To treat vulvar cancer, oncologists typically use surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or clinical trials. Once you connect with a care team, they can advise you on the best recommendations for treatment.