August 14, 2025 – When a woman first learns she has to see a urogynecologist, she’ll undoubtedly have a lot of questions, starting with what a urogynecologist is. A urogynecologist is a medical professional specializing in urogynecology, the field where gynecology and urology intersect, and who can diagnose and treat pelvic floor disorders or urination issues, to start.
Here are five reasons why women may see or be referred to a urogynecologist:
- Persistent Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Pelvic organ prolapse occurs when pelvic organs, such as the bladder or uterus, descend from their normal positions into the vaginal canal due to weakened support structures. Symptoms include a sensation of pressure, fullness, or a noticeable bulge in the vaginal area. Megan Abrams, MD, a urogynecologist at Monmouth Medical Center and a member of RWJBarnabas Health Medical Group, notes that prolapse is often managed with a device known as a pessary. “Pessaries are silicone devices inserted into the vagina to support the uterus or bladder and rectum,” she said. “More severe cases may require minimally invasive surgical options that offer relief and a return to normal activities.”
- Urinary Incontinence
Urinary incontinence can occur during activities that increase abdominal pressure, such as coughing, sneezing, and exercising, which can be embarrassing. Treatment options range from pelvic floor physical therapy to surgical interventions.
- Overactive Bladder
An overactive bladder (OAB) is characterized by a sudden, intense urge to urinate, often leading to frequent bathroom visits and possible leakage that can disrupt daily activities and sleeping. Urogynecologists offer treatments, including behavioral therapies, medications, and advanced procedures like bladder Botox injections or nerve stimulation, to effectively manage OAB.
- Chronic Pelvic Pain
Persistent pelvic pain can stem from various causes, including pelvic floor disorders (PFDs), endometriosis, or interstitial cystitis. A urogynecologist can conduct comprehensive evaluations to identify the underlying cause and develop a multidisciplinary treatment plan, which may involve medications, physical therapy, or minimally invasive surgical options.
- Postpartum Pelvic Floor Complications
Childbirth can lead to pelvic floor injuries, resulting in conditions like incontinence or prolapse. Addressing these issues promptly is crucial for long-term health. Katherine Shapiro, MD, a urogynecologist at Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital Somerset and a member of RWJBarnabas Health Medical Group, highlights that as women age, especially post-childbearing age and during menopausal years, the likelihood of developing PFDs increases. “Regular consultations with a urogynecologist can lead to early detection and management, which significantly enhances a woman’s quality of life,” she said.
Depending on what a woman is seeking treatment for, a urogynecologist may also recommend lifestyle modifications such as dietary changes, as well as physical therapy to enhance pelvic floor function, or minimally invasive surgery to correct the condition.
“No two women are the same regarding their urogynecological care,” Dr. Shapiro said. “We pride ourselves on providing our patients with individualized care. When women begin experiencing issues from pain to not urinating normally is when they should seek treatment.”
Consulting a urogynecologist can significantly enhance a woman's quality of life. Learn more about comprehensive women’s health services available at RWJBarnabas Health.